Co-Shaping Smart Cities

This paper studies participation divides on civic crowdsourcing platforms in a smart city context, hybrid applications of distributed urban innovation management, and new modes digital citizenship, often applied to co-shape future environments. However, the emergence participatory instruments also brings inequalities, as their adoption is not equally. Hence, from an explicitly interdisciplinary perspective, this article explores role engagement, opinion leadership understanding differences behavior such platforms. Using regression model (N = 178), study shows that are explained by political but community traditional inequalities. reveals used most those who were already participating have high levels expertise, which sheds light potential empowerment its democratic implications.